Front cover image for The Caddo Indians : tribes at the convergence of empires, 1542-1854

The Caddo Indians : tribes at the convergence of empires, 1542-1854

In 1542 members of the thriving Caddo Indian culture came face to face with Luis de Moscoso, successor to Hernando de Soto as leader of a Spanish exploration party. That encounter marked a turning point for this centuries-old people, whose history would from then on be dominated by the interaction of the native confederacies with the empires of various European adventurers and settlers. Much has been written about the confrontations of Euro-Americans with Native Americans, but most of it has focused on the Anglo-Indian relations of the eastern part of the continent or on the final phases of the western wars. This thorough and engaging history is the first to focus intensively on the Caddos of the Texas-Louisiana border area. Primarily from the perspective of the Caddos themselves, it traces the development and effect of relations over the three hundred years from the first meeting with the Spaniards until the resettlement of the tribes on the Brazos Reserve in 1854. F. Todd Smith chronicles all three of the Caddo confederacies - Kadohadacho, Hasinai, and Natchitoches - as they consolidated into a single tribe to face the waves of soldiers, traders, and settlers from the empires of Spain, France, the United States, Mexico, and the Republic of Texas. It describes the balance the Caddos struck with the various nations claiming the region and how that gradually evolved into a less beneficial relationship. Caught in the squeeze between Euro-American nations, the Caddos eventually sacrificed their independence and much of their culture to gain the benefits offered by the invaders. Falling victim to swindlers, they at last lost their lands and were moved to a reservation
Print Book, English, ©1995
Texas A & M University Press, College Station, ©1995
History
229 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm
9780890966426, 9780890969816, 0890966427, 0890969817
31435392
The Caddos
The Caddos and the arrival of the Europeans, 1686-94
The Caddos and the establishment of the Europeans, 1674-1731
The Caddos between two empires, 1731-67
Decline: the Caddos and Spain, 1767-1803
Resurgence: the Caddos and the Louisiana-Texas frontier, 1803-15
Disruption of the Caddo world and the treaty of 1835
The Caddos and the Texas revolution, 1835-38
The Caddos return to Texas, 1839-54
caddonation-nsn.gov Official website of the Caddo Nation