Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been classified into three main groups and 11 distinct subtypes. Moreover, several circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) of HIV-1 have been recently documented to have spread widely causing extensive HIV-1 epidemics. A subtype, initially designated I (CRF04_cpx), was documented in Cyprus and Greece and was found to comprise regions of sequence derived from subtypes A and G as well as regions of unclassified sequence. Re-analysis of the three full-length CRF04_cpx sequences that were available revealed a mosaic genomic organization of unique complexity comprising regions of sequence from at least five distinct subtypes, A, G, H, K and unclassified regions. These strains account for approximately 2% of the total HIV-1-infected population in Greece, thus providing evidence of the great capability of HIV-1 to recombine and produce highly divergent strains which can be spread successfully through different infection routes.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Capsid / classification
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Capsid / genetics
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Capsid Proteins*
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Cyprus
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Gene Products, gag / classification
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Gene Products, gag / genetics
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Gene Products, pol / classification
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Gene Products, pol / genetics
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Gene Products, vif / classification
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Gene Products, vif / genetics
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Greece
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HIV Antigens / classification
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HIV Antigens / genetics
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HIV Core Protein p24 / classification
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HIV Core Protein p24 / genetics
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HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / classification
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HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / genetics
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HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / classification
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HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / genetics
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HIV-1 / classification
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HIV-1 / genetics*
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HIV-1 / isolation & purification
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Humans
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Phylogeny
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Recombination, Genetic
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Viral Proteins*
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gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Substances
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Capsid Proteins
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Gene Products, gag
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Gene Products, pol
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Gene Products, vif
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HIV Antigens
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HIV Core Protein p24
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HIV Envelope Protein gp120
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HIV Envelope Protein gp41
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NCP7 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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Viral Proteins
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gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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p17 protein, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
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p6 gag protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus